See ol in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "said, says",
"word": "ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "ol"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "said, says",
"word": "ar"
}
],
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"word": "ar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
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"sense": "said, says",
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"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "or"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"sense": "said, says",
"word": "ar"
}
],
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"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "for"
},
{
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{
"lang": "Irish",
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"sense": "said, says",
"word": "ar"
}
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"word": "bar"
}
],
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},
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{
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"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Kortlandt believes this particle to be a contraction of a Proto-Celtic phrase beginning with *ol est. In particular, he derives the inflected form olsí from a contraction of a Proto-Celtic phrase *ol est ēgt, with *ēgt deriving from *h₁eǵ- (“to say”). Its ending was reinterpreted as the feminine singular pronoun sí, giving rise to the analogical masculine form olsé.",
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{
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"tags": [
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]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "ol",
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],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:ol."
}
],
"glosses": [
"says, said"
],
"id": "en-ol-sga-particle-AwxLvLCZ",
"links": [
[
"says",
"says"
],
[
"said",
"said"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(quotative) says, said"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "as·beir"
}
],
"tags": [
"quotative"
]
}
],
"word": "ol"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
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]
}
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"args": {
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"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "ol",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:ol."
}
],
"glosses": [
"because, since"
],
"id": "en-ol-sga-conj-NCr9SFzZ",
"links": [
[
"because",
"because"
],
[
"since",
"since"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ol"
}
{
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "than"
},
"expansion": "",
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}
],
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"args": {
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"expansion": "ol (triggers nasalization)",
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}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:ol."
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-ol-sga-conj-c4NxHBsF",
"info_templates": [
{
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},
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"verb)"
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"name": "+obj"
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],
"links": [
[
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"than [with ·tá (substantive verb)]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
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"word": "in"
}
],
"tags": [
"triggers-mutation-nasal"
]
}
],
"word": "ol"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish conjunctions",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish particles",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "said, says",
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}
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"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "ol"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "ga",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "ar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "said, says",
"word": "ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "or"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "said, says",
"word": "ar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "for"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "said, says",
"word": "ar"
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"2": "says"
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{
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"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Kortlandt believes this particle to be a contraction of a Proto-Celtic phrase beginning with *ol est. In particular, he derives the inflected form olsí from a contraction of a Proto-Celtic phrase *ol est ēgt, with *ēgt deriving from *h₁eǵ- (“to say”). Its ending was reinterpreted as the feminine singular pronoun sí, giving rise to the analogical masculine form olsé.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ar",
"tags": [
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}
],
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{
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"expansion": "ol",
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"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "particle",
"related": [
{
"word": "as·beir"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:ol."
}
],
"glosses": [
"says, said"
],
"links": [
[
"says",
"says"
],
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"said",
"said"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(quotative) says, said"
],
"tags": [
"quotative"
]
}
],
"word": "ol"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish conjunctions",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
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{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "since"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
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}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "ol",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:ol."
}
],
"glosses": [
"because, since"
],
"links": [
[
"because",
"because"
],
[
"since",
"since"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ol"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish conjunctions",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
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{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "than"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "conjunction",
"3": "triggers nasalization"
},
"expansion": "ol (triggers nasalization)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:ol."
}
],
"glosses": [
"than"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": ":·tá<qq:substantive verb>"
},
"expansion": "[with ·tá (substantive verb)]",
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"verb)"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"than",
"than"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"than [with ·tá (substantive verb)]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "d",
"word": "in"
}
],
"tags": [
"triggers-mutation-nasal"
]
}
],
"word": "ol"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ol meaning in Old Irish (3.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.